VOLUMES AND ISSUES

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Summary:
In an electrical installation in buildings, electromechanical switches are mostly used to turn on and off a load. However, sometimes there are two or more switches in the same circuit intended to control the same load. Thus, a conflict can happen between multi-users who are trying to overtake the control of the load (such as turning it on or off). To solve the problem, this paper proposes a novel switch called “Fully Controllable Rotary Switch” (FCRS) in which it can fully control not only the load but also other switches by blocking them or giving them limited or full access over the electrical circuit and the loads. For validation purposes, the utilization of FCRS in buildings is compared to the traditional switches under the same functionality and conditions. Results show that FCRS has the ability to control many electrical loads simultaneously, control other switches in the circuit, increase the satisfaction, security, and privacy of the users. Finally, it reduces the conflict between multi-users and the investment cost by avoiding installing additional switches and protection devices.

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Summary:
The aim of the present work was to the preparation of biodiesel from sunflower oil and ethanol by the transesterification reaction in the presence of the KOH. The conversion was 88% at using a 1:3 molar ratio of oil to alcohol at 75°C. Important fuel physical properties of B10 blend with (or without) oxygenated additivities by the ASTM standards had been investigated. Based on the obtained results is noted that the fuel blend B10 with (or without) additivities has greater potentials for diesel engines than, B100 and fossil diesel.

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Summary:
Autonomous systems are widely used in missions that require continuity and high attention. The most important of these is the control of borders, which is a national security problem. It is done with PTZ (Pan Tilt Zoom) cameras located in the watch towers of the country's land borders, moving objects (human, vehicle, etc.) can be detected and this data is analyzed and converted into information in the relevant unit. In countries with very large land borders, installing such watchtowers would result in very high costs. Instead, this can be achieved with low-cost, low-altitude rotary wing aircraft. In this study, a system that can perform target detection and tracking is implemented thanks to the rotary wing aircraft that can perform this task and the imaging system it has on it.

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Summary:
Has anyone ever missed an event because he was confused about days and dates? Do we remember the date of any day without looking at a calendar? Is the current Gregorian Calendar efficient enough for use, and does it facilitate our life or make it more complicated? Have you ever thought about a much simpler way to calculate days and dates in a year? All these questions are answered in this paper, in which the author proposes original optimization algorithm that creates optimal perennial calendars. Results show that there is more than one way to create a perennial calendar, in which the number of days in each month does not change, neither the dates. Hence, all months have the same sequence of days and dates. In other meaning, Monday becomes the first day of every month, and Sunday becomes the last day. Consequently, the calendars become much easier to memorize and very simple to predict the days and dates in any year.

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Summary:
In recent years, prices of fossil fuels, greenhouse gases, and the need for sustainable energy sources is increasing day by day. Thus, electric vehicles are seen as a promising candidate in the market due to its low-cost and cleaner fuel option thanks to renewable energy sources. Moreover, aerodynamics is one of the most important criteria to consider while designing an automobile for the most efficient driving conditions. For this reason, vehicle developers are studying to reduce drag resistance of the body to improve driving efficiency. On the other hand, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is one of the vital tools for the automotive industry to obtain low-cost results before prototyping of any product. In this study, the aerodynamic characteristics of VoltaCAR electric vehicle is numerically investigated to obtain the best driving velocity. This car participates the TUBITAK-Electromobile car race every year to achieve low fuel consumption for one-hour driving. Thus, it is aimed that to minimize the resistance of the air hitting from the front, side, and roof of the vehicle. In the numerical model, polyhedral mesh structure is preferred to obtain faster convergence with fewer iterations, and shorter computation time is obtained compared to the tetrahedral mesh method. The aerodynamic drag coefficient (Cd) of the car model is computed as approximately 0.11 at 22.22 and 27.78 m/s. The best velocity values are selected as 22.22 and 27.78 m/s due to their lower Cd.

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Summary:

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Summary:
Summary
A Novel Fully Controllable Rotary Switch for Electrical Installation in Buildings
(Research Article) 1
Claude Ziad El-Bayeh, Mohamed Zellagui, Brahim Brahmi

Testing of Pine Oil and Glycerol Ketal as Components of B10 Fuel Blend
(Research Article) 11
Ibrahim Mamedov, Sahila Huseynova, Ofelia Javadova, Nargiz Azimova,
Rahila Huseynova, Shargiya Gasimova

Country Border Line Control of Autonomous Rotary Wing Aircraft that Can Detect and
Track Moving Objects (Research Article) 15
Tuğrul Oktay, Enes Özen

Novel Optimal Perennial Calendar Systems vs Gregorian Calendar and Their Impact on
the Energy Demand and the Environment (Research Article) 20
Claude Ziad El-Bayeh, Mohamed Zellagui, Brahim Brahmi

CFD Modellıng of Voltacar Electric Vehicle Body for the Most Efficient Driving
Conditions (Research Article) 34
Yakup Ogun Suzen1, Emre Ozdogan, Ibrahim San, Batuhan Gurbuz, Mehmet Kacar,
Nesrin Demir, Mehmet Fatih Kaya