Articles in Press

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Summary:
This research aims to examine the role of teachers in environmental education and disaster mitigation in Mataram City, West Nusa Tenggara Province. This research activity was carried out in August 2023 involving 422 respondents consisting of elementary school teachers. Research activities took place by distributing questionnaires with questions divided into four parts, namely teachers' perceptions of students' interest in the environment, teachers' attention to rivers, teachers' role in disaster mitigation, and teachers' contributions to environmental education. The results of the questionnaire show that the majority of teachers play a role in environmental education for students and disaster mitigation. As many as 65% of students are interested in studying the environment and as many as 60% of teachers teach environmental education to students.

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Summary:
As technology advances today, energy demand is also increasing, with approximately 85% of this demand being met by fossil fuels. The use of fossil fuels leads to the release of greenhouse gases, which are known to be one of the main causes of global warming. Although electrical energy is the most common and easily accessible form of energy, it is not found in nature and must be produced from other energy sources. Renewable energy sources, on the other hand, are not yet sufficient in terms of both cost and meeting energy demand. Therefore, additional taxation is being planned on countries and businesses that use fossil fuels with high greenhouse gas emissions. In this context, the carbon footprint becomes an important parameter for measuring polluting effects. However, calculating the carbon footprint is quite complex, which makes it challenging to ensure fair taxation in energy production and consumption. Thus, it would be fairer to base additional taxation on the amount of greenhouse gases produced per capita in a country. According to calculations, the global average per capita emission of fossil fuel-based greenhouse gases is around 5300 kg. Saudi Arabia and the UAE, as major oil producers, are responsible for producing 15 times this average, while Kuwait is responsible for 23 times the average. The largest energy consumers, such as the United States and Russia, emit three times the average, while Germany, Japan, and China contribute approximately twice the amount. For Turkey, this figure is around 1.5 times the global average. Recently, electric vehicles (EVs), which have been promoted as a more environmentally friendly option, have been compared to conventional vehicles under the conditions in Turkey. Since each country has different sources of electricity generation, the goal of EVs producing fewer greenhouse gases is influenced by these factors. The results of calculations specific to Turkey show that while EVs are more environmentally friendly compared to gasoline and diesel vehicles, the situation is more complex and debatable for LPG-powered vehicles.

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Summary:
Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)16COOH. Stearic acid is used in the literature as a surfactant, plasticizer, reducer of flow resistance, water repellent (hydrophobic), reducing agent of hygroscopicity and dielectric film layer former. In addition, according to scientific studies, coating nanoparticles such as aluminium and boron with stearic acid increases their combustion stability. This study is a preliminary study for experimental studies on combustible solid particles. Due to the above-mentioned properties of stearic acid, it is desired to use it as a surfactant. However, the effect of stearic acid on combustion in a compression ignition engine needs to be investigated experimentally. For this purpose, stearic acid was used as an additive to diesel fuel in a compression ignition heavy-duty diesel engine. Stearic acid was added to the diesel fuel in the amounts of 125, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm by mass. Then it was mixed with a stirrer for 45 minutes. The test engine was operated at 700 rpm and 300 Nm load. Engine performance and emission data were examined.